29 Arabic Words You Didn’t Know You Were Using Every Day
The English language is a melting pot of influences from various cultures and languages. Among these, Arabic has made a significant contribution, especially through trade, science, and cultural exchanges over centuries. This article explores the fascinating journey of Arabic words into everyday English, their origins, and their meanings in both languages.
Algebra
Algebra comes from the Arabic word al-jabr, which means “reunion of broken parts.” This term was first used by the mathematician Al-Khwarizmi in his book Kitab al-Jabr wal-Muqabala, which laid the foundations for modern algebra.
Alcohol
Alcohol originates from the Arabic word al-kuḥl, which initially referred to a fine powder used as eyeliner. Over time, the term evolved to mean any distilled substance, and eventually, it came to denote the intoxicating liquid we know today.
Coffee
Coffee is derived from the Arabic word qahwah, which originally referred to a type of wine. The term was later used to describe the beverage made from coffee beans, which became popular in the Arab world before spreading to Europe.
Cotton
Cotton comes from the Arabic word qutn. The fabric and the term were introduced to Europe by Arab traders during the Middle Ages, significantly impacting the textile industry.
Lemon
Lemon is derived from the Arabic word laymūn. The fruit and its name were brought to Europe by Arab traders, and it has since become a staple in various cuisines worldwide.
Sugar
Sugar originates from the Arabic word sukkar. Arab traders played a crucial role in the spread of sugarcane cultivation and the knowledge of sugar production to Europe.
Zero
Zero comes from the Arabic word ṣifr, meaning “empty” or “nothing.” This concept was introduced to Europe through translations of Arabic mathematical texts, revolutionizing mathematics.
Safari
Safari is derived from the Arabic word safar, meaning “journey.” The term was adopted into English via Swahili, where it described expeditions into the African wilderness.
Sofa
Sofa comes from the Arabic word ṣuffah, which means a bench or long seat. This term was adopted into English to describe a comfortable, upholstered seat.
Magazine
Magazine originates from the Arabic word makhzan, meaning “storehouse.” The term was initially used to describe a place for storing goods and later evolved to mean a periodical publication.
Admiral
Admiral is derived from the Arabic term amīr al-baḥr, meaning “commander of the sea.” This title was used by Arab naval leaders and was later adopted by European navies.
Ghoul
Ghoul comes from the Arabic word ghūl, referring to a mythical creature that preys on the living and the dead. This term entered English through translations of Arabian folklore.
Elixir
Elixir is derived from the Arabic word al-iksīr, which referred to a substance believed to transform base metals into gold. The term was adopted by alchemists and later came to mean a magical or medicinal potion.
Mattress
Mattress comes from the Arabic word maṭraḥ, meaning “place where something is thrown down.” This term was used to describe a cushion or pad for sleeping, which was later adopted into English.
Syrup
Syrup originates from the Arabic word sharāb, meaning “beverage.” The term was used to describe sweet, thick liquids and was adopted into English through medieval Latin.
Artichoke
Artichoke is derived from the Arabic word al-khurshūf. This vegetable was introduced to Europe by Arab traders and has since become a popular ingredient in various cuisines.
Carat
Carat comes from the Arabic word qīrāṭ, which referred to a small unit of weight used for measuring precious stones. This term was adopted into English through Italian and French.
Checkmate
Checkmate is derived from the Arabic phrase shāh māt, meaning “the king is dead.” This term is used in chess to indicate a winning move that traps the opponent’s king.
Hazard
Hazard comes from the Arabic word al-zahr, meaning “the dice.” The term was used in games of chance and later adopted into English to describe a potential source of danger or risk.
Jasmine
Jasmine is derived from the Arabic word yāsamīn. This fragrant flower was introduced to Europe by Arab traders and has since become popular in gardens and perfumes.
Sherbet
Sherbet comes from the Arabic word sharbat, meaning “a drink.” This term was used to describe a sweet, flavored beverage and was later adopted into English to refer to a frozen dessert.
Arsenal
Arsenal is derived from the Arabic phrase dār al-ṣināʿa, meaning “house of manufacturing.” This term was used to describe a place where weapons and military equipment were made and stored.
Nadir
Nadir comes from the Arabic word naẓīr, meaning “opposite.” In astronomy, it refers to the point directly opposite the zenith, or the lowest point.
Monsoon
Monsoon is derived from the Arabic word mawsim, meaning “season.” This term was used by Arab sailors to describe the seasonal winds in the Indian Ocean.
Alchemy
Alchemy comes from the Arabic word al-kīmiyāʾ, which referred to the ancient practice of transforming base metals into gold. This term was adopted into English through Latin and French.
Cipher
Cipher is derived from the Arabic word ṣifr, meaning “zero” or “empty.” This term was used in mathematics and later came to mean a coded message.
Alcove
Alcove comes from the Arabic word al-qubba, meaning “vaulted chamber.” This term was used to describe a recessed space in a room and was adopted into English through Spanish.
Carafe
Carafe is derived from the Arabic word gharrafa, meaning “drinking vessel.” This term was used to describe a container for serving drinks and was adopted into English through French.
Saffron
Saffron comes from the Arabic word zaʿfarān. This precious spice was introduced to Europe by Arab traders and has since become a valuable ingredient in cooking and medicine.
The Takeaway
The integration of Arabic words into the English language is a testament to the rich cultural exchange between the Arab world and the West. These words not only enrich our vocabulary but also provide a glimpse into the history, culture, and scientific advancements of the Arab world. From mathematical terms to everyday objects, the influence of Arabic on English is profound and enduring. Understanding these words and their origins enhances our appreciation of both languages and the cultures they represent.
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